Metallic door.



G. B. BRBAKEY.

METALLIC DOOR.

APPLIGATIDE YILED APE. 28. 1909.

Patented Nov.29, 1910.

WITHESSES (L FITB.

I'YEHTUR 650/265 6. B/PEAKEI" BY Imaz manifs Ull'iTED STATES PATENT OFFIQE. Y

GEORGE E. BREAKEY, F NEVI YORK, N. ASSIGNOR TO HERRMANN t GRACE COM- ANY, OF BROOKLYN. NEW YORK. A CORPORATION OF NBV! YORK.

METALLIC DOOR.

Patented Nov. 29, 1910.

Sera] No. 492,723.

.l 7,36. Y Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led April 28, 1909.

all whom 'it 'may cvmrern:

.Se it known that, l', (leonor: l. Bami-LEY,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident o" Kings county, borough of Brooklyn. city .3 and State of New York, have invented eer- .ain new and useful Improvements in Metal- Doors, of which the following is a specilination.

lily invention relates to metallic doors in le the artof building construction and has im its object to produce a door substantially of metal throughout, the constituent parts ai which shall be of materials easily obtained from stock and easily assembled in completed struc-.ture without the use of ciber than ordinary and inexpensive tools.

further object of my invention is to pro I' me such a door which. either by itself or nbined with other fireroof materials.

120 shall resist combustion anY the passage of tienne and hot gases across or through its plane.

A further objectof my invention .is t0 p a metallic door which Shall De to a vezy considerableextent sound proof.

A further object of :nv invention is to produce e metallic door", the resonant qualities, off which are substantially suppressed so that the metallic clang characteristic of 3D metallic doors when struck or forcibly ozfened or closed may be absent,

,ill further object of my invention is to provide a door which shall be easily and q-L'rielrly assembled with a minimum of lletl labor, shall present few seams, screws oz' other openable points to be attacked either by man or the elements, shall have a maxin un of riqidity and stillness with a mini- .iiani number of parts, shall retain its shape '40 and stillness without warping under all conditions of temperature and moisture and, at the same time, shall be ornaine tal and neat in appearance and simulate .'erv perfaatly the 'conventional wooden doors of Q5 t Lamerce which my improved door de- .signed to replace.l v

The scope and character of my invention more easily understood by reference Y it; the specification following` and to the d' 'ings accompanying, in which* ,Figure 1 is an elevation, taken from one otite., of a preferred form of my improved do.. r. the Vmolding being broken away at one eoane of the panel; Fig. 2 is a plan View, taken from above, of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is au enlarged vertical section through the top rail of my door along the line 3M?, it Fig..

1 the lof'er part of the ection being broken away; Fig. et 1s a snnllar section, also broken liff. 5 if: a Similar horizontal section, also broken away, taken through the. stile of mj.' door along the line 5-5 of Fig. l g Fig. t is a `similar section, also broken away, taken alongr the line (L-G of Fig l, but' includingr both .stile and ruil; ig a greatly enlarged detail o f part of Fig. 5 bringing out the molding only and its fastening clip as shown in Fig. 5, and Fig. S a perspective view of the clip used to fasten tlu` panel molding as shown in :section in hief. and T.

Briefly, I construct my door by taking two identical' sheets of metal, of area substantially that of the finished doin', superposing one sheet upon the other but .separated thererom by distance pieces placed at suitable points, ypreferably at the edge and around that portion which is to become the panel of the completed door, and then slipping over cach longer edge of the door a stile thicker than the combined first Sheets, Said .stile beingr bent up from sheet. metal .so as to embrace Said pair of tirst sheets. Each stile is riveted at suitable points to the panel sheets after which top and bottom rails similar in formation t0 the Stiles are slipped into place and also riveted: suitable provision is made for jointing and fastening stiles and rails together where they abut. Lateral tongues thrown out from the panel sheets on each side and around the edge of said sheets serve to maintain the panel sheets cent-rally as to Stiles and rails and a suitable Amolding is finally placed on each side of the door to till and cover the junction of panel sae-ets with rails and stiles. y

Referring to the drawings in detail, A. A are panel sheets of metal, preferably of iron 'or steel and of suitable thickness, say about- :,tb gage; these sheets are identical in size fir-l are cut roctangularly to substantially the area of the finished door. One of these panel sheets is then superposed upon the other but separated uniformly therefrom, .say at a distance of about l; inch, by suitable distance pieces. Preferably these, distance pieces take the. form of channel irons B placed around the entire edge of the panel sheets, and bars C placed parallel to the outer distance. pieces butl nearer to the center ot' the door, these last named distance pieces t7 corresponding substantially with the .shape and size oi' the finished center panel D of Suitable rivets a, 5

formed preferably of a 'single piece of sheet metal. usually ot' the same thickness as the panel sheets and to the shape shown in the ligures. that is, there is an edge section e, substantially wider than the co .bined tliieliness of the arranged panel sheets, having side sections Il, J, extendiner therefrom parallel to the plane ot the ooi` and toward panel the center thereof, each of these side pieces' having sections c, e, bent at right :moles thereto and toward one another, said :ist: named .sections being finally again bent parallel to the panel sheets and to one .another to forni. ttanges f, f. The distance between these last sections f, f, is determined to vjust equal the thickness of the combined panel sheets.

'lhe flange Asections f may or may not be cut. away on the Stiles at a distance from the top and bottoni of the door substantially equal to the width (without. tl tiges) ot' the end rails (see hij. l). and the saine tlange Aset-tions ot' the rails are .similarly cut awa)Y to clear the si'iles. The stiles also :ne extended from the top to the bottom of the door, the rails beingr shorter than' the door wide hy the combined width (without flanges) ot the two Stiles, the rails and Stiles thus fitting together by a square joint rather than h v niiter joint. Each stile and rail is. hence. seen to he of shape somewhat like a long box. open at the ends, and liavintT a longitudinal ventral openin'br along one edge adapted to slip over and embrace the coinhined panel sheets.

`o maintain the the rails and stiles. oppo ito tongues (`r are thrown out at right angles to its plane troni nach panel dieet. the length ot these tongues heineh `-ulliiient to inst Contact with the iii ternal surtai-es ot Aaid rails and Stiles when the eonihi.'ie:l panel .sheets are central.

lails and Stiles. edges ot' tht` panel sheets. art.` pushed inwardl" until the inner surtaees of their edge .sta-tions l' are iii rontai't with the outir edges' ot' the panel sheets .Y when the): are fasteuedin place liv thil rivets L which vpass through the flanges f ot' the panel sheet-` and the distance piet-es (il.

.\t each lform-r of :u v bottom rail` as the ease may he, will :duit upon the stili-s as previouslvstated. 'l`o insure a permanent and suitable joint at these I ahuttiinf points. l take a short piet-e of angle iron y/ fthe length ot' which is about equal lo or a iritle less than the width of the rail l proper) and ii\et one le;r /1 of said angle panel sheets .'entiallv ot' f when slipped over the.;

door the top ory at z' to the inwardly turned section e of the adjoiiiiiii)r stile; the angle is so set that the remainingr leg; /L has its face parallel to and within :he outer surface of stile sections el l b v a distance equal to the thickness ot the saine sections (I ot' the rail. These. rail see- I tions f! are then` at each end, cul; so as to lie if upon the legs /l' to which thev are perina- .lnentlgv tixed hv screws j. 'the angles g l t'ore the iop and bottom rails are put in l place. Y

i' The edge sections f' of auth top and botl toni rails are prolonged at each end, bevond the side sei-tions il, as tongues titled to :closely engage the inner surfaees ot' the l open ends ot' the tivo stiles where they are l supported upon angles to which they are l secured by screws m. Each angle iron has a l length somewhat less than the width ot' the l stile and is lixed to the panel sheets within l the open end ot eat-h stile by one or more ot" the outer rivets (I which also hold said l panel sheets together and againstthe chanl nel iron It.

,l .\t'ier the panel sheets. stiles and rails have been iii-:nl v and permanenti): asseinhied as l a t'oresaid. l complete inv door bhv placing: a. g moldingr ll in the angle n where the flanges j' l are joined to the panel sheets. This mold- ,ling ma'v he foi-ined of sheet metal ot any l convenient thirl-:in= s: its section` also7 prefeialilv as shown iii the ligures. need not nectssarilv he i i any forni whir'h taste ma): suggest prolvided onl v that there he the downwardly i projet-ting portions o and ,n the former adapted to engage the resilient curve Q and the latter adapted to he fastened to the npturiied sertion r h'v the rivet 'l`lie resilient 'ui've f] and upiurned .seetion r are formed upon a rlip or angle piet-e made of sinvl metal ol' i-onveiiieutthickness either hv hand or. preferably. pressed out h v means ol' a puin-li and die. lzu'li of these .lt-lips is al-oiit if" wide and every lL' or .so along' thvreuter panel l) in the angle l ot' the horder ot' the /1 mi tlt'll Stil@ door, heilig: held in plan' lrv certain` on" the rivets /i used for allzu-hin;r .stili-.s and rails to tht` panel sheets. (hie lo; of eaih clip' has :i depri-rd portion 7 foi'nud in it l and upon the moldinglr ll there are toi-inedA l siinilai` depressions n adapted to seat themselves in thtl aforesaid depressions o the depressions l.' hein;r .spaced alou.;r the molding lo correspond with the lot-ations of the clips. The other le; ot' each clip is formed. also preferably hy use ot` punch and die. so as to have a longue r and the upturiicd end 11; the longue e being' eonvexed toward the. v panel sheets and preferably to Contact therel with. 'lhe purpose of this eoiivexintis two t'old: First. h v hegiimiug the convex :it the l must, of course, be attached to the Stiles loe-I one is placed.

as there shown lint nni v have l edge .r ot' the llaiige f the Clip is steadied lef ,fixed permanently 'through the sections 1- and y: of clip and upon the {lange and any rotation upon the rivet Z is precluded and,^sccond, when its end 3;, which should lie just inside the upturned end r so as lo serve as an abutment against which the. rivet s may be upset from without, is forcibly impacted by the operation of such upsetting, there will be no yielding since the etlective impact will be all exerted downward against the rigid panel sheets. Y

To tix the molding in place, it is only necessary to bring its downwardly projecting section 0 against the inwardly turned section e of rail or stile and to press the molding toward the panel sheets; by reason of the resiliency of the clip le@ inwhich is the, depression g said ieg will gire and allow the depressions u of the molding to slip into the depressions g thus constituting the means by which one side of the molding is retained. The other side of the molding is by rivets s passing molding respectively. t My door as abovedescribed is very simple, comprising but a limited number of plain and substantial pieces which are easily formed of stock materials. There are substantially no screw or easily opened joints on either side of the door and, being constructed of thin sheet metal, it is necessarily light and easily operated, while the distance pieces and form ct the rails and stiles makes the structure very stift'.

My door` is obviously fire proofbut to retard the conduction of heat through its substance, I may inciose between the panel sheets, asbestos or substances of similar properties and in the form of sheets (plain or corrugated) as indicated at I; or such material may be in granulated, powdered or any other desired form. The empty spaces Within the Stiles and rails may also be lillcd with asbestos or similar material in the same way as at J. It is not even necessary that such material should be strictly non-combustible. per se, since coniined in the door, as it is, the absence of oxygen would prevent ignition. Any non-conductor of heat therefore Would satisfy the fire proof qualities.

By the use of asbestos as above described, with its entraincd air cells, my door would not only be substantially ire proof but would also be substantially sound proof; il; would also lack resonance and be dead and inert as a source of sound when slammed in opening or closing or if struck.

Many changes in detail might be made without departing from the spirit of my invention which is embodied in the following claims:

1. A metallic door comprising a pair of panel sheets; a pair of opposite hollow inembers haring side and edge sections extending at least the full dimensions of the panel sheets and embracing the edges of saidpanel sheets, the inner surfaces Yof said edge sections along substantially their entire length being in contact with the' edges of the panel sheets; a second pair of opposite hollow members embracing remaining edges of said panel sheets and having side sections extending between the side sections of said first named pair and an edge section extending at least the full dimension of the panel sheets, the. inner` surfaces of said edge section along substantially its entire length being in contact with said panel sheet edges; rigid distance pieces attached to and between the panel sheets along each outer ed e 0f said sheets; rigid distance pieces attac ed to and between the panel sheets and the inner edges ot' the aforesaid hollow members along the entire length of said inner edges; tongues extended outwardly from each edge of-each pai-icl sheetand contacted with the inner surfaceof the side sections of the'hollow members; and inner strengthening angles joining adjacent ends of the hollow members together, as and for the purpose described.

2. A metallic door comprising a pair of vanel sheets; pairs of opposite hollow inembers constituting stiles and rails embracing the edges of said panel sheets and having their edge sections in contact with the edges ofthe panel sheets around the entire door; a rigid distance bar attached to and between the panel sheet edges around the entire door; a second inner distance bar between the panel sheets and around the entire door; tongues extended outwardly from each edge of cach panel sheet and contacted with the inner surfaces ot the sides of the stiles and rails; molding attaching clips spaced around the door: and rivets which pass through said molding attaching clips so as lo pass through the panel sheet and the inner distance ba as and for the purpose described.

ln tesaimony whereofl have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. c

GEORGE B. BREKEY.

fitness-es:

Emana G. MILYOUNG, JOHN A. Knnnnnnncxi. 

